List of Latin words with English derivatives

This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English (and other modern languages).

Ancient orthography did not distinguish between i and j or between u and v. Many modern works distinguish u from v but not i from j. In this article both distinctions are shown as they are helpful when tracing the origin of English words. See also Latin spelling and pronunciation.

Contents

Nouns and adjectives

The citation form for nouns (the one normally shown in Latin dictionaries) is the Latin nominative singular, but this typically does not exhibit the root form from which English nouns are generally derived.

Latin nouns and adjectives
Citation form Declining stem Meaning English derivatives
acer acer- maple aceric
acer acr- sharp acrid, acrimony
acerbus acerb- bitter acerbic, acerbity, exacerbate
acervus acerv- heap acervate, acervose
acētum acēt- vinegar acetic
acus acu- needle acuity, acumen, acute
adversus advers- set against, hostile adverse, adversity, adversary
aedificium aedifici- building edifice
aequus aequ-, -iqu- even, level adequate, equality, equity, iniquity
aes aer- ore
aevum aev- age, eon eviternal, longevity, mediaeval, primaeval
ager agr-, -egr- field agriculture, peregrine
alacer alacr- quick alacrity
albus alb- white albarium, albedo, albino, album, albumen
alius ali- other alias, alibi, alien
anima anim- soul, life animal, animate
animus anim- mind, anger animosity
annus ann- year annual, annuity
ānser ānser- goose anserine
aqua aqu- water aquamarine, aquarium, aquatic, aqueduct, aquifer
aquila aquil- eagle aquiline
arbor arbor- tree arboreal, arboretum
ars art- art, skill artifact, artificial
asinus asin- donkey asinine
audāx audāc- brave, bold audacious, audacity
auris aur- ear aural, auricle
aurum aur- gold aureate
avis avi- bird Aves, avian, aviary
bellum bell- war antebellum, bellicose, belligerence, rebellion
bellus bell- pretty embellish
bestia besti- animal bestial, bestiary
bini bin- two each binary, combination
bonus
– melior
– optimus		 bon-
– melior-
– optim-		 good
– better
– best		 bonus
– ameliorate
– optimal, optimist
bōs bov- cow, ox bovine
bracchium brac- arm, support embrace, braces, bracelet
brevis brev- brief, short brevity
butyrum butyr- butter butyric
calx calc-
-culc-		 heel inculcate
calx calc- limestone, pebble calciform, calculus, calculation
canis can- dog canid, canine
caper capr- goat caprine
capillus capill- hair capillaries
caput capit- head cape, capital, decapitation
cardo cardin- hinge cardinal
caro carn- flesh carnage, carnal, carnivore, incarnate
catena caten- chain catenary, catenative
cauda caud-, cod- tail caudal, coda
causa caus-, -cus- accusative, causal
cavus cav- hollow cave, cavity, concave
centum cent- hundred centennial
cera cer- wax ceraceous
certus cert- certain certiorari, certitude
cervīx cervīc- neck cervical, cervix
cinis ciner- ashes cinereous, cinerin, incinerator
cīvis cīv- citizen civil, civilian, civility
clāvicula clāvicul- little key clavicle
clavis clav- key clavier
clemens clement- mild clemency, inclement
collum coll- neck collar
cor cord- heart accord, concordat, cordial, courage, discord
corbis corb- basket corb, corf
cornū corn- horn Capricorn, cornucopia, unicorn
corpus corpor- body corporal, corporeal, corpulent, corpuscle
corvus corv- raven corbel, corvine
coxa cox- hip coxal
cras cras- tomorrow procrastinate
crassus crass- thick crass, crassitude
creta cret- chalk cretaceous
crimen crimin- criminal
crux cruc- cross crucial, crucifix, crucify
culina culin- kitchen culinary
cuneus cune- wedge cuneate, cuneiform
cura cur- care cure, curious
curtus curt- shortened curt
cuspis cuspid- tip bicuspid
damnum damn-
-demn-		 harm condemn, damage, damnation, indemnity
decem decem- ten decemfid, decempedal, decemviri
decimus decim- tenth decimal, decimate
decus decor- decorous, decorum
dens dent- tooth dental, dentifrice, denture, indent, trident
deus de- god deification, deity
dexter dextr- right dexterous, dextral
diēs diē- day diary, quotidian
digitus digit- finger, toe digit, digital
dignus dign- worthy condign, dignity
discipulus discipul- student disciple
dominus domin- lord domain, dominate, dominion
domus dom- house domestic, domicile
dos dot- dowry dotal, dotation
duo du- two duality, duplex
equus equ- horse equestrian, equine
faber fabr- fabric
falx falc- sickle falcate, falciform
fames fam- hunger famine, famished
fanum fan- temple profanity
fauces fauc-, -foc- throat faucal, suffocate
fēlēs fēl- cat feline
fēlix fēlic- happy felicity, felicitations
fēmina fēmin- woman effeminate, femininity
femur femor- thigh femoral, femur
fenestra fenestr- window defenestration
ferox feroc- fierce ferocious, ferocity
ferrum ferr- iron ferrite, ferrous
ferus fer- wild feral, ferine
fides fid- faith confidence, infidel, infidelity, perfidy
fīlia
fīlius		 fīli- daughter
son		 affiliation, filial
filum fil- thread bifilar, filament
fīnis fīn- end, limit affine, affinity, confines, definition, final, infinity, infinitive
firmus firm- firm confirm, firmament
fiscus fisc- basket confiscation, fiscal
flavus flav- yellow flavin, flavivirus
flōs flōr- flower floral, floriferous, florist, floruit
focus foc- hearth bifocal, focal
foedus foeder- confederation, federal
folium foli- leaf defoliant, foliage, folio, folivore, portfolio
fons font- font, fontal, fontanelle
foris for- outdoors foreclose, foreign, forest, forum
fōrma fōrm- form, shape deform, formal, formative, formula, information
formica formic- ant formic
formus form- warm
fornix fornic- vault forniciform
fors fort- luck fortuitous, fortune
fortis fort- strength effort, fortify, fortitude
frāter frātr- brother fraternal, fraternity, fratricide
fraus fraud- fraud defraud, fraudulent
frequens frequent- often frequency, frequentative
frōns front- forehead affront, confront, front, frontal
frūx frūg- fruit frugal
fūmus fūm- smoke fume, fumigation
fundus fund- bottom fundamental, profundity
fungus fung- mushroom fungal, fungicide
funis fun- rope funicular
fuscus fusc- dark obfuscation
gens gent- gentile, gentility, gentle
genu genu- knee genuflection
genus gener- birth, offspring, creation general, generation, generic, generous, genuine
glacies glaci- ice glacial, glacier
gladius gladi- sword gladiator, gladiolus
gluten glutin- glue agglutination, glutinous
granum gran- grain granary, granule
gravis grav- heavy gravid, gravitation, gravity
grex greg- flock, herd congregation, gregarious
grossus gross- thick gross
gula gul- gullet, gully
gurges gurgit- regurgitate
gustus gust- taste disgust, gustatory, gusto
guttur guttur- throat guttural
herba herb- grass herbaceous, herbal, herbicide
hibernus hibern- hibernacle, hibernal
hiems hiem- winter hiemal
homō homin- man (human being) homicide, hominid
hortus hort- garden cohort, horticulture
hostis host- enemy hostile
humus hum- ground humiliate, humility
ignis ign- fire igneous, ignite, ignition
inguen inguin- groin inguinal
īnsula īnsul- island insular, insulate, peninsula
iocus
jocus		 joc- jest jocular, joke
iūdex
judex		 iūdic- judge judge, judicial, judiciary, adjudicate
iugum
jugum		 iug- yoke conjugal, conjugate
iūs iūr- right, law abjure, conjure, justice, jurisdiction
iuvenis
juvenis		 juven- young juvenile
labia labi- lip labial
labor labor- toil elaboration, laborious
lac lact- milk lactate, lactic, lactose
lacrima lacrim- tear lachrymose
lapis lapid- stone dilapidate, lapidary
lassus lass- lassitude
latex latic- liquid laticifer
latus lat- broad, wide latifoliate, latitude
latus later- side collateral, lateral
laus laud- praise laud, laudable, Lauds
laxus lax- loose laxity, relax
lenis leni- gentle leniency
lens lent- lentil lenticel, lenticular
lentus lent- lentic, relent
leo leon- lion leonine
lepus lepor- hare leporid, leporine
levis lev- light (weight) levity, relieve
lēx lēg- law alleged, legal, legislation, privilege
liber liber- free liberal
liber libr- book library
libra libr- balance, scales equilibrium
lignum lign- wood ligneous, lignite
limbus limb- edge limbate, limbic, limbo
linea line- line collinear, linearity
lingua lingu- tongue bilingual, lingua franca, linguistics, multilingual
lira lir- furrow delirium
littera litter- letter alliteration, literary, literature
locus loc- place locality, locative
longus long- long elongate, longitude, oblong, prolong
lucrum lucr- lucrative, lucre
lumen lumin- light luminary, luminous
lūna lūn- Moon lunar, lunate, lunatic
lupus lup- wolf lupine
lux luc- light Lucifer, luciferous
macula macul- spot immaculate, macula, macular, macule
magister magistr- master magisterial, magistrate
magnus
– māior
– maximus		 magn-
– māior-
– maxim-		 big, great
– bigger
– biggest		 magnate, magnitude
– majority
– maximum
malus
– peior
– pessimus		 mal-
– peior-
– pessim-		 bad
– worse
– worst		 malevolence, malice, malignant
– pejorative
– pessimist
manus manu- hand manual, manuscript
mare mar- sea marine, mariner, maritime, ultramarine
Mars marti- Mars martial, Martian
māter mātr- mother material, maternal, maternity, matrimony, matrix, matron, matter
medius medi- middle media, median, medieval, medium, intermediate, immediate, mediocre
mel mell- honey mellifluent
memor memor- mindful commemorate, memoir, memorial, memory
menda mend- blemish emend
mens ment- mind mental
merus mer- pure mere
miles milit- soldier militant, military, militia
mille mill- thousand millennium, millipede
modus mod- modal
mollis moll- soft emollient
mora mor- delay moratorium
morbus morb- sickness morbid, morbidity
mors mort- death mortal, rigor mortis
mortuus mort- dead mortuary, moribund, morgue
mos mor- custom morality, mores
multus
– plus		 mult-
– plur-		 many
– more		 multitude
plurality
mulus mul- mule mular
mundus mund- world mundane
murus mur- wall mural
mus mur- mouse murine
nasus nas- nose nasal
navis nav- ship naval
neuter neutr- neither neutral
niger nigr- black denigrate
nihil nihil- nothing nil, nihilism, annihilate
nodus nod- knot nodal, nodule
nomen nomin- name ignominy, nominal, nominative, postnominal, trinominal
nonageni nonagen- ninety each nonagenarian, nonagenary
nōnus non- ninth nonary, None
norma norm- carpenter's square enormous, norm, normal, normative
novus nov- new innovative, novelty, novice
nox noct- night equinox, nocturnal
nudus nud- naked denude, nudity
numerus numer- number enumerate, innumerable, numeracy, numeral, numerator, numerous
octāvus octav- eighth octaval, octave
octō oct- eight octal, octangular, octennial, octuple
octōni octon- eight each octonary, octonion
oculus ocul- eye inoculation, ocular
omen omin- ominous
omnis omn- all omnipotence, omnipresence, omniscience, omnivore
onus oner- burden, load exonerate, onerous, onus
opacus opac- shady opacity
ops op- copious, opulent
opus oper- work opera, operose, opuscule
orbis orb- ring orb, orbit
ordo ordin- order ordinal, ordinance, ordinary, ordination
os or- mouth oral, orifice
os oss- bone ossify, ossuary
otium oti- leisure negotiate, otiose
ovis ov- sheep ovine
ovum ov- egg oval, ovary, oviposition, ovule, ovum
palus pal- stake impale, pale
par par- equal comparative, comparator, disparity, parile, parity, peer
paries pariet- wall parietal
pars part- piece compartment, departure, partial, particle
parvus parv- small parvovirus
passer passer- sparrow passerine
pater patr- father paternal, paternity, patrimony, patron, perpetrate
paucus pauc- few paucal, paucity
pavīmentum pavīment- ground pavement
pax pac- peace pacific, pacify
pectus pector- chest pectoral
pēs ped- foot biped, expedient, expedition, impediment, pedal, pedestrian, pedicure
pestis pest- pest pesticide, pestiferous, pestilence
pinna pinn- feather pen, pinnate, pinniped
pinnaculum pinnac- gable/peak pinnacle
pirus pir- pear piriform
piscis pisc- fish pisces, pisciform, piscine
planta plant- sole plantar
planus plan- flat planar, plane
platea plate- place placement
plebs pleb- common people plebian
plenus plen- full plenary, plenitude, plenum
pluma plum- feather plumage
pluvia pluvi- rain pluvial
pondus ponder- weight ponderous, pound, preponderance
pons pont- bridge pontine, pontoon
porcus porc- pig porcine
porta port- gate porch, portal, portico
prandium prandi- lunch prandial, preprandial
pravus prav- crooked depravity
pretium preti- price depreciation, precious
prex prec- prayer preces
prior
– prīmus		 prior-
– prīm-		 former
– first		 priority
– primal, primary, prime, primer
privus priv- own privacy, private
probus prob- probable, probation, probative, probity, reprobate
proprius propri- proper appropriate, propriety
prunus prun- plum prune
pulcher pulchr- beautiful pulchritude
pulmo pulmon- lung pulmonary
pulvis pulver- dust, powder pulverize
punctum punct- point contrapuntal, punctual, punctuation
purus pur- pure impurity, purity
pus pur- pus purulent
quadrini quadrin- four each quadrin
quadrum quadr- square quadrate, quadratic, quadrature
quartus quart- fourth quartal, quartan, quartic
quaterni quatern- four each quaternary, quaternion
quintus quint- fifth quintal, quintan, quintessence, quintic
radius radi- ray, spoke radial, radian
radix radic- root eradicate, radical, radicand
ramus ram- branch ramification, ramose
remus rem- oar bireme, quinquereme
rēn ren- kidney adrenal, renal
res re- thing reality
rete ret- net reticulate, retiform, retina
rēx rēg- king regal, regent
ripa rip- bank riparian
ritus rit- rite ritual
rivus riv- brook derive, rival, rivulet
rosa ros- rose rosaceous, rosary
rota rot- wheel rotary, rotation
ruber rubr- red erubescent, rubric
rūdis rūd- rude rudimentary
ruga rug- wrinkle corrugate, rugose
rūs rūr- countryside, farm rural, rustic
sacer sacr- sacred sacrifice, sacristy
saepes saep- hedge septum
sal sal- salt salary, salinity
sanguis sanguin- blood consanguineous, sanguine
sanus san- sound insanity, sanatorium
semen semin- seed disseminate, semen, seminal, seminar, seminary
semis semi- half semicolon, semiconductor, semiconscious, seminatural
senex sen- old man senator, senility, senior
seni sen- six each senary
septem sept- seven septangular, septemvir, septennial
septeni septen- seven each septenary
sex sex- six sexangular, sexavalent, sexennial
sexageni sexagen- sixty each sexagenarian, sexagenary
sexagesimus sexagesim- sixtieth sexagesimal
sextus sext- sixth bissextile, Sext, sextan, sextans, sextic, sextile
sibilus sibil- hiss sibilant
siccus sicc- dry desiccant, desiccation
sidus sider- constellation consider, sidereal
silva silv- forest silvan, silviculture
similis simil- like similar, verisimilitude
sincerus sincer- sincerity
singulus singul- one each singularity
sinister sinistr- left sinister, sinistral
sinus sinu- curve sinuous
sol sol- sun insolate, solar, soliform
solum sol- bottom insole, sole
solus sol- alone, only sole, solitary, solitude, solo
somnus somn- sleep insomnia, somnolent
sonus son- sound absonant, assonance, consonant, dissonance, resonance, sonorant, sonority
sopor sopor- deep sleep sopor, soporific
soror soror- sister sororal, sororate, sororicide, sorority
spes sper- hope desperate
spina spin- thorn spinal, spinescent, spiniferous, spiniform
squama squam- scale squamate, squamella, squamiform, squamose, squamous
stria stri- furrow striation, striature
strix strig- owl strigine
suavis suav- sweet suave
sucus
succus		 succ- juice succulent
sulcus sulc- furrow sulcal, sulcate, sulciform
tardus tard- slow retard, tardy
tempus tempor- time contemporaneous, temporal, temporary
tenuis tenu- thin attenuate, extenuating, tenuous
terminus termin- boundary interminable, terminal, terminative
terni tern- three each ternary, ternion
terra terr- dry land terrace, terracotta, terrain, terrestrial, extraterrestrial, territory
tertius terti- third Terce, tertial, tertian, tertiary, tertiate
testis test- witness intestate, testament, testimony
totus tot- all, whole totality
tres tri- three triangle, triceps, triennial
tricae tric- tricks extricate
turba turb- disturbance, turbidity, turbine
umbra umbr- shade, shadow adumbration, penumbra, umbrella
uncia unci- twelfth ounce, quincuncial, uncial
unda und- wave abundant, inundate, redundant, undulate
unus un- one coadunate, unary, unate, uniformity, union
urbs urb- city suburb, urban
ursus urs- bear ursine
vacuus vacu- empty vacuous, vacuum
vagus vag- wandering vagile, vague
vallum vall- rampart vallate
vanus van- empty, vain vanity
varius vari- varying variable, variety, various
vas vas- vessel vasal, vase
vastus vast- empty devastate, vastitude
vehiculum vehicul- wagon vehicle, vehicular
velox veloc- quick, swift velocity
velum vel- sail, veil velamen, velar, velate
vena ven- vein venation, venous, venule
venter ventr- belly ventral, ventricle
ventus vent- wind ventilator
venum ven- venality
venus vener- desire venerable, venereal
verbum verb- word adverb, proverbial, verbal, verbatim, verbose
vermis verm- worm vermian, vermicelli, vermicular, vermiculite, vermiform
vernus vern- spring vernal
vērus ver- true veracious, veracity, verify, veritable, verity
vesper vesper- evening vespertine
vestigium vestig- trace, track vestigial
vestis vest- clothing vest, vestment, vesture
vetus veter- old veteran
via vi- way devious, obvious, trivial, viaduct, vialis
vicis vic- change vicarious, vicissitude
vicus vic- vicinal, vicinity
vigesimus vigesim- twentieth septemvigesimal, vigesimal
vilis vil- cheap, vile revile, vilify
vīlla vill- country house villa, village
vinum vin- wine viniculture
vir vir- man (masculine) triumvirate, virile, virility, virtue
virga virg- rod, twig virgate, virgule
viscus viscer- internal organ eviscerate, visceral
vita vit- life vital, vitality
vitium viti- vice, vicious, vitiate
vitrum vitr- glass vitreous, vitriol
vola vol- palm volar
vox voc- voice advocate, vocal, vocative, vociferous
vulgus vulg- crowd vulgar, vulgarity, vulgate
vulnus vulner- wound vulnerable, vulnerose
vulpēs vulp- fox vulpicide, vulpine

Verbs

In some Latin verbs, a preposition caused a vowel change in the root of the verb. For example, "capiō" prefixed with "in" becomes "incipio".

Latin verbs
Citation form Present stem Perfect stem Participial stem Meaning English derivatives
aceō ac- acu-  – be sour acid
agō
-igō		 ag-
-ig-		 eg- āct- act, drive action, actual, actuary, agenda, agency, agent, agility, agitate, ambiguous, castigate, coagment, coagulate, cogent, cogitate, exact, exigent, fumigate, indefatigable, intransigent, litigate, mitigate, navigate, purgatory, purge, redact, retroactive, variegate
alō al-
-ol-
-ul-		 alu- alit-
alt-		 nourish adolescent, adult, alimentary, alimony, alma mater, alumnus, coalesce, coalition
ambulō ambul- ambulav- ambulat- walk amble, ambulance, ambulatory, preamble
amō am- amav- amat- like, love amateur, enamor
appello appell- appellav- appellat- call, address appeal, appellant, appellate, appellation
apō ap-
api-
epi-		 ap- apt-
-ept-		 fasten adapt, apt, inept
ardeō ard- ars- ars- be on fire ardent, ardor
areō ar- –  – be dry arid
arguō argu- argu- argut- argue, argument
audeō aud- aus- - be bold, dare
audiō aud- audiv- audit- hear audible, audition, auditorium
augeō aug- aux- auct- increase auction, augmentation, augmentative
aveō av- - avarice, avid
bibō bib- bib- bibit- drink bibulous, imbibe
cadō
-cidō		 cad-
-cid-		 cecid- cas- fall accident, cadence, case, decadent, deciduous, incident, recidivous
caedō caed-
-cid-		 cecid- caes-
-cis-		 cut caesura, concise, decision, excise, incision, precise, succise
caleō cal- calu- - be warm calid, calor, calorie
canō can-
-cin-		 cecin- cant-
-cent-		 sing cantata, canticle, cantor, cantus, incantation, recant
capiō
-cipiō		 cap- cep-
-cip-		 capt-
-cept-		 take accept, capable, capacity, caption, captious, captive, capture, concept, deception, except, incipient, intercept, recipe, recipient, receptacle, reception
careō car- caru- carit- lack charity, precarious
carpō
-cerpō		 carp-
-cerp-		 carps- carpt-
-cerpt-		 pick, pluck carpe diem, excerpt
caveō cav- cav- caut- beware caution, caveat, precaution
cēdō cēd- cess- cess- yield, depart abscess, accede, concede, decedent, excessive, intercede, precede, precession, précis, recede, recession, secession
cēlō
-culō		 cēl-
-cul-		 celav- celat-
-cult-		 hide conceal, occult
cenō cen- cenav- cenat- dine
cernō cern- crev- cret- separate, sift discern, discrete, excretion, secretion
cieō ci- civ- cit- excitement, incite
cingō cing- cinx- cinct- encircle, gird cincture, succinct
clāmō clām- clāmāv- clāmāt- call acclamation, clamor, exclaim, proclamation
claudō
-clūdō		 claud-
-clūd-		 claus- claus-
-clūs-		 close clause, conclude, exclusive, occlusion, preclude
clinō clin- clinav- clinat- lean decline, inclination, recline
cogitō cogit- cogitav- cogitat- think, ponder cogitate
colligō collig- colleg- collect- collect collect
colō col-
cul-		 colu- colt-
cult-		 colony, cultivate, culture
cōnor con- conat-  – try conation
coquō coqu- cox- coct- cook coctile, concoct, decoction, precocious
consulō consul- consulu- consult- consult consult, counsel
creō cre- - creat- make creation, creature
crescō cresc- - cret- grow accretion, crescendo, crescent, decrease
cubō cub- cubu- cubat- lie concubinage, incubator, succubus
-cumbō -cumb- -cubu- -cubit- lie incumbent, recumbence, succumb
cupiō cup- cupiv- cupit- desire cupidity
currō curr- cucurr- curs- run course, current, cursive, cursor, discourse, occurrence, recursion
dicō dic- dicav- dicat- dedicate, predicate
dicō dic- dix- dict- say diction, edict, prediction
dō d- ded-
-did-		 dat-
-dit-		 give addendum, dative, editor, perdition, redditive, tradition
doceō doc- docu- doct- teach doctor, doctrine, document
doleō dol- dolui dolit- grieve dolor, condolence
dormiō dorm- dormiv- dormit- sleep dormitory
dubitō dubit- dubitav- dubitat- doubt indubitable
ducō duc- dux- duct- lead abductor, conductor, deduce, deductible, deduction, duct, educe, reduction
edō ed- ed- es- eat edible, esculent
emō
-imō		 em-
-im-		 em- empt- buy exempt, preemptive, redeem, redemption
eō e- i- it- go ambient, ambit, ambition, coitus, exit, obituary, preterite, sedition, transit
errō err- errav- errat- stray errant, erratic, erratum
faciō
-ficiō		 fac-
-fic-		 fec-
-fic-		 fact-
-fect-		 make confect, confectionery, deficient, difficulty, effective, efficiency, facile, fact, faction, factious, factory, factual, faculty, infection, office, official, perfection, perfective, prefecture, proficient, semelfactive
fallō fall- fefell- fals- fallacy, falsity
faveō fav- favu- favit- favor
fendō fend- - fens- defend, fence, offensive
ferō fer- tul- lāt- bear, bring ablative, allative, conifer, correlation, difference, delative, elative, fertile, fertility, illative, inference, interfere, lative, perlative, preference, prolate, prolative, refer, reference, referendum, relate, sublative, superlative, transfer, translation
ferveō ferv- - - fervid, fervor
fīgō fīg- fīx- fix- fix affix, crucifixion, fixure, suffix
findō find- fid- fiss- cleave, split bifid, fissile, fission, fissure, fistula
fingō fing- finx- fict- fashion, invent fiction, fictive, figment
fiō fi-  –  – be made fiat
flectō flect- flex- flex- bend deflect, flexible, flexure, inflection, reflex
fligō flig- flix- flict- strike affliction, conflict, inflict, profligate
flō fl- flav- flat- blow conflate, flatulence, inflate, soufflé, sufflate
fluō flu- flux- flux- flow affluent, confluence, effluent, flume, influx
fodiō fod- fod- foss- dig fossil
for f- fat–  – say, speak affable, fabulous, fame, fate, ineffable, infamy, infant
frangō
-fringō		 frang-
-fring-		 freg- fract- break diffract, fractal, fraction, fracture, fragile, fragment, infringe, suffrage
fricō fric- fricu- frict- rub fricative, friction
frigeō frig- - - be cold frigid
frigō frig- frix- frict- parch
fruor fru- fruct-  – enjoy
fugiō fug- fug- fugit- flee fugitive, refugee
fundō fund- fūd- fūs- pour confound, effusive, fusion, profusion, refund
fungor fung- funct-  – do defunct, fungible, function
gaudeō gaud- - gavis- rejoice
gerō ger- gess- gest- carry agger, congestion, digestion, gerund, gestation, gesture, ingest, suggest
gradior
-gredior		 gradi-
-gredi-		 gress-
-gress-		  – step egress, gradient, ingredient, progressive, transgression
gustō gust- gustav- gustat- taste gustation, gustatory
habeō
-hibeō		 habe-
-hibe-		 habu- habit-
-hibit-		 have exhibit, habitual, inhibitory, prohibitive, rehabilitation
haereō haer- haes- haes- cling, stick adhere, cohesion, hesitation
halō hal-
-hel-		 halav- halat- breathe exhale, inhalation
hauriō hauri- haus- haust- draw exhaust
hiō hi- hiav- hiat- gape hiatal, hiatus
iaceō iac- iacu- jacit- be thrown, lie adjacent
iaciō
-iciō		 iac- iec-
(j)ic-		 jact-
-ject-		 throw abject, conjecture, ejector, inject, objective, projectile, reject
irascor irasc- irat-  – be angry irascible, irate
labor lab- laps-  – slide, slip collapse, elapse, labile, prolapse, relapse
laciō
-liciō		 lac-
-lic-		 -licu- –
-lect-		 lure delicious, elicit, illicit
laedō
-lidō		 laed-
-lid-		 laes-
-lis-		 laes-
-lis-		 hurt collide, elision, lesion
langueō langu- - - languid, languish, languor
laudō laud- laudav- laudat- praise laud, laudable, laudatory
lavō lav- lav- laut-, lot- wash lavatory, loment, lotion, loture
lēgō lēg- legav- legat- send allege, delegate, relegation
legō
-ligō		 leg-
-lig-		 leg- lect- choose, gather, read collect, diligence, election, eligible, lecture, legend, legible, neglect, negligence, selective
leō l- - let-
-lit-		 deletion, indelible
libō lib- libav- libat- pour libation
libō lib- - libit- please libido
ligō lig- ligav- ligat- bind ligament, ligature, obligation
linquō linqu- liqu- lict- abandon delinquent, derelict, relinquish, reliquary
liveō liv- -  – livid, livor
locō loc- locav- locat- place, put allocate, location
loquor loqu- locut-  – speak circumlocution, colloquial, eloquence, grandiloquent, interlocutory
luceō luc- lux- – be light, shine lucent, pellucid
luctor luct- luctat-  – wrestle reluctance
lūdō lūd- lūs- lūs- play allusion, collude, illusion, ludicrous
luō lu- lu- lut- wash dilute, elution, pollution
maneō man- mans- mans- stay immanent, mansion, permanent, remain
mānō mān- manav- manat- flow emanation
meō me- meav- meat- go, pass permeate
mergō merg- mers- mers- dip emerge, immerse
migrō migr- migrav- migrat- emigrate, immigrant, migration
minuō minu- minu- minut- lessen diminuendo, diminution, diminutive
misceō misc- miscu- mixt- mix admixture, miscible, mixture
mittō mitt- mīs- miss- send commissure, commit, manumission, missile, missive
molō mol- molu- molit- grind demolition, emolument, molar
moneō mon- monu- monit- warn admonition, monitor, premonition
monstrō monstr- monstrav- monstrat- demonstrate
moveō mov- mov- mot- move demotion, commotion, emotion, motile, motion, motive, motor, move, promotion
narrō narr- narrav- narrat- tell narrative, narrator
nascor nasc- nat-
gnat-		  – be born agnate, cognate, innate, nascent, natal, nation, native, nature, prenatal, supernatural
natō nat- natav- natat- float, swim natatorium
necō nec- necav- necat- kill enecate
nectō nect- nexu- nex- join, tie annex, connect, nexus
nōscō
-gnōscō		 nōsc-
-gnōsc-		 nosc- nōt-
-gnōt-, -gnit-		 know cognitive, ignoble, nobility, notable, notice, notion
nuntiō nunt- nuntiav- nuntiat- bring news of, announce announce, renunciation
nutriō nutr- nutriv- nutrit- nourish nutrient, nutriment, nutrition, nutritious
ōdi od- -  – hate odious, odium
oleō ol- olu- - smell olid, redolent
optō opt- optav- optat- choose adopt, opt
orior ori- ort–  – rise abort, orient
orō or- orav- orat- speak orator, perorate
palleō pall- pallu- - be pale pallid, pallor
pangō
-pingō		 pang-
-ping-		 pepig- pact- fasten compact, impact, impingement
pareō par- paru- parit- be ready apparent, apparition, disparition, transparent
pareō par- paru- parit- obey parent, parenthood
pariō par-
-per-		 peper- part-
-pert-		 biparous, parent, vivipary
parō par- parav- parat- make ready disparate, prepare, reparation, separate
pascō pasc- pav- past- feed pastor, pasture, repast
pateō pat- patu-  – be open patent
patior pat- pass-  – endure compatible, passive, patient
paviō pav- paviv- pavit- beat pavement
pellō pell- pepul- puls- push compel, depulsion, propel, repulsion
pendeō pend- pepend- – be hanging, hang dependent, pending, pensile, propensity
pendō pend- pepend- pens- weigh compendium, dispense, expend, pension, pensive, suspense
perior per- -  – experience, experiment, peril
petō pet- petiv- petit- seek, attack appetite, compete, impetus, petulant, repetition
pingō ping- pinx- pict- paint depict, picture, pigment
placeō
-pliceō		 plac-
-plic-		 placu- placit-
-plicit-		 please complacent, placid
placō plac- placav- placat- implacable, placate
plangō plang- planx- planct- plangent
plaudō
-plodō		 plaud-
-plod-		 plaus- plaus-
-plos-		 clap applaud, explode, plaudit, plausible
plectō plect- plex- plex- plait complexity, perplex
pleō ple- plev- plet- fill completion, deplete, implement, plenary, plenitude, plenum, replete, supplement, suppletion
plicō plic- plicav- plicat- fold complicate, duplication, multiplicand, replicate
plōrō plor- plorav- plorat- deplore, implore
poliō pol- poliv- polit- smoothen interpolate, polish, polite
pōnō pōn- posu- posit- put component, composite, depositor, juxtaposition, postpone, repository
portō port- portav- portat- carry comport, deportation, export, import, portable, portage, transport, transportation
potō pot- potav- potat- drink potable, potion
precor prec- precat-  – pray deprecate, precarious
prehendō prehend-
prend-		 prehend- prehens-
prens-		 grasp apprehension, comprehend, prehensile, reprehensible
premō
-primō		 prem-
-prim-		 press- press- press, push imprimatur, oppress, pressure, repression, reprimand
pugnō pugn- pugnav- pugnat- fight impugn, pugnacious, repugnant
pungō pung- pupug- punct- prick puncture, pungent
putō put- putav- putat- prune, think amputation, compute, deputy, dispute, impute, putative, reputable, reputation
quaerō
-quirō		 quaer-
-quir-		 quaesiv- quaesit-
-quisit-		 search, seek acquisition, inquire, inquisitive, perquisite, query
quatiō
-cutiō		 quat-
-cut-		 - quass-
-cuss-		 shake concussion, decussation, percussion
radō rad- ras- ras- scrape, shave abrade, erasure
ranceō ranc- - - be rotten rancid, rancor
rapiō
-ripiō		 rap-
-rip-		 rapu- rapt-
-rept-		 rapacious, rape, rapidity, rapt, raptor, rapture, surreptitious
recordor record- recor- recordat- remember, recall record
regō
-rigō		 reg-
-rig-		 rex- rect- keep straight correction, director, dirigible, incorrigible, rectitude, resurrection
repō rep- reps- rept- crawl, creep reptile
rideō ride- ris- ris- laugh, smile derision, ridiculous, risible
rigeō rig- –  – be stiff rigid, rigor
rodō rod- ros- ros- gnaw corrode, erosion, rodent
rogō rog- rogav- rogat- ask abrogate, derogatory, interrogation
rumpō rump- rup- rupt- break, burst abrupt, corrupt, disrupt, eruption, interrupt, rupture
saliō
-siliō		 sal-
-sil-		 salu-
-silu-		 salt- jump assail, assault, resilient, salient
saltō salt-
-sult-		 saltav- saltat-
-sultat-		 desultory, exult, result
scandō
-scendō		 scand-
-scend-		 scand- scans-
-scens-		 climb ascend, condescension, descent, scansion, transcendental
scīō sci- sciv- scit- know conscience, nescience, plebiscite, prescient, science
scrībō scrīb- scrips- scrīpt- write describe, prescription, scripture, scribble, transcribe
secō sec- secu- sect- cut bisect, dissection, intersect, intersectionality, secant, sectile, section, sector, segment, trisectrix, vivisection
sedeō
-sideō		 sede-
-side-		 sed- sess- sit dissident, insidious, obsession, presidium, reside, sedentary, sediment, sessile, session, subside, supersede
sedō sed- sedav- sedat- sedative
sentiō senti- sens- sens- feel assent, consensus, dissent, sentence, sentient, sentiment
sequor sequ- secut- sum  – follow consecutive, persecute, prosecutive, sequence, sequent, subsequent
serō ser- seru- sert- desert, insertion, series
serpō serp- serps- serpt- crawl serpent
serviō serv- serviv- servit- serve servile, servitude
servō serv- servav- servat- save conservation, observant, preserve
sistō sist- stet- stat- cause to stand consistent, insist, persist, subsist
solvō solv- solv- solut- loosen absolutive, absolve, dissolve, resolve, soluble, solution, solvent
sordeō sord- sordu- - be dirty sordid
speciō
-spiciō		 spec-
-spic-		 spex- spect- look aspect, conspicuous, inspector, introspection, respect, specimen, specious
spirō spir- spirav- spirat- breathe aspiration, inspire, respiration
splendeō splend- splendu- - splendid, splendor
squaleō squal- squalu- - squalid, squalor
statuō
-stituō		 statu-
-stitu-		 statu-
-stitu-		 statut-
-stitut-		 cause to stand constituent, destitute, institution, restitution, statuary
staurō staur- staurav- staurat- instauration, restaurant, restoration
sternō stern- strav- strat- spread, strew prostrate, stratum, substratum
stō st- stet- stat- stand constant, distance, extant, instant, reinstatement, stable, stamen, stamina, staminal, stance, stanchion, state, stationary, stative, stature, status, stet
stringō string- strinx- strict- squeeze astringent, restriction, stricture
struō stru- strux- struct- construe, destruction, instruct, instrumental, superstructure
studeō stud- studu- - student, studious
stupeō stup- stupu- - be stunned stupid, stupor
suadeō suad- suas- suas- dissuade, persuasion
sum es- fu- futur- be absent, adessive, antessive, essence, essential, essive, exessive, future, inessive, present, subessive
sūmō sum- sumps- sumpt- take assume, consumption, presumptive, resume, subsume
suō su- su- sūt- sew assument, suture
taceō tac-
-tic-		 tacu- tacit- keep silent reticent, tacit
tangō
-tingō		 tang-
-ting-		 tetig-
-tig-		 tact- touch contact, contingent, intact, integral, pertingent, tactile, tangent, tangible
tegō teg- tex- tect- cover detect, integument, protect
tendō tend- tetend- tens- stretch extend, intense, portend, tendency, tendentious, tension, tensure
teneō
-tineō		 ten-
-tin-		 tenu-
-tinu-		 tent- have, hold abstinence, content, continent, detention, discontent, maintain, malcontent, retain, retinue, sustain, tenet, tenor
tergeō terg- ters- ters- wipe detergent, terse
terō ter- triv- trit- rub, wear attrition, contrite, detritivore, detritus
texō tex- texu- text- weave context, pretext, subtext, textile, texture
timeō tim- timu-  – be afraid timidity, timorous
tinniō tinn- tinniv- tinnit- ring tinnitus
torqueō torqu- tors- tort- twist contort, extortion, torque, torture
torreō torr- torru- tost- torrent, torrid
trahō trah- trax- tract- drag, draw abstract, detract, distract, extract, protractor, retract, subtrahend, traction
tueor tu- tut-, tuit-  – intuitive, tuition, tutelage, tutor
tumeō tum- tumu- - be swollen tumescent, tumid, tumor
turgeō turg- - - turgid
umeō um- - - be moist humidity
urō ur- uss- ust- burn adustion, urn
utor ut- us-  – use use, usufruct, usure, usurp, usury, utility
vacō vac- vacav- vacat- be empty vacant, vacation
vadō vad- vas- vas- go evade, invasion, pervasive
valeō val- valu- valit- be strong ambivalent, prevalent, valence, valid, valor
vehō veh- vex- vect- carry convection, convex, inveigh, vector, vehicle
vellō vell- vuls- vuls- convulse, revulsion
veniō ven- ven- vent- come advent, adventist, adventure, contravene, convene, convent, convention, eventual, intervention, prevention, provenience, venture
vertō vert- vert- vers- turn adverse, averse, controversy, convertible, extrovert, incontrovertible, inversion, reverse, revert, subversive, versicle, version
videō vidē- vid- vīs- see evidence, improvise, invisible, provident, proviso, video, visage, vision, visor, televise, advice,
vidō vid- vis- vis- dividend, individual, divisor
vincō vinc- vic- vict- conquer, win convince, eviction, victory
vivō viv- vix- vict- live revive, survivor, victim, vivacity, vivid
vocō voc- vocav- vocat- call convocation, provocative
volō vol- volav- volat- fly volatile
volō vell- volu-  – wish benevolent, malevolent, volition, voluntary
volvō volv- volv- volūt- roll convolution, evolve, revolution
vorō vor- vorav- vorat- swallow carnivore, devour, voracious
voveō vov- vov- vot- vow devotion, votive

Prepositions and other words used to form compound words

Latin prepositions and other words
Word Meaning Prefixes
ā, ab away from ab-, a-, abs-, as-
ad to, toward ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, ar-
aequus equal equi-
ambo both ambi-, amb-
ante before ante-, anti-
bis twice bi-, bis-
circum around circum-
cis this side of cis-
contrā against, opposite to contra-, contro-
cum together, with con-, co-, col-, com-, cor-
dē down from de-
dexter right, to the right hand dextro-
dis- apart dis-, di-, dif-, dir-
ex, ē from, out of ex-, e-, ef-
extrā outside extra-
in in, into in-, il-, im-, ir-
īnfrā below infra-
inter among, between inter-, intel-
intrā within intra-, intro-
iuxtā beside juxta-
malus bad mal-
multus much, many multi-
non not non-
ob, obs toward, against, in the way of, by reason of ob-, oc-, of-, op-
paene almost pen-
per thorough, through per-
post after, behind post-
prae before pre-
praeter by, past preter-
prō for, in front of pro-, por-, prod-
(re) again, back re-, red-
retro backwards retro-
sē apart, without se-, sed-
sub from below, under, up to, close to sub-, su-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sus-
subter beneath subter-
super above, over super-
suprā above, more than supra-
trāns across trans-, tra-, tran-
ultrā beyond ultra-

See also

External links